While the Editorial Board undertakes reasonable measures to ensure the originality and integrity of published research, some forms of misconduct may not be identifiable during the editorial and peer-review processes. Therefore, reviewers, readers, and members of the academic community are encouraged to report suspected publication misconduct to the journal's help desk officer via email. All allegations will be addressed in accordance with COPE guidelines. Misconduct includes, but is not limited to:

- data fabrication,
- data falsification,
- plagiarism,
- authorship fraud,
- conflicts of interest, and
- duplicate submission or publication.

Upon receiving a credible allegation, the Editorial Board, under the direction of the Chief Editor, will conduct a preliminary assessment. Where an impartial investigation cannot be ensured, an independent committee may be appointed. If misconduct is confirmed, appropriate actions may include:

- issuing a correction (erratum or corrigendum),
- retracting the article,
- withdrawing the article, and/or
- revising authorship records where justified.

The journal is committed to maintaining a professional and respectful peer-review process. Editors and reviewers must evaluate submissions objectively and refrain from personal attacks, discriminatory remarks, or offensive language. Any inappropriate or unprofessional correspondence may be edited or rejected by the Editorial Board.